Ajenda ya vijana na msingi wa Katiba Mpya

Na Frederick Fussi

Je vijana wana ajenda katika mchakato wa uandishi wa Katiba mpya? Kuna hoja gani zinazoweza kuwasukuma kuona ulazima, uhalali na utayari wa mchakato huo sasa zaidi kuliko kipindi kingine chochote? Nitachambua!

Ushiriki wa vijana katika mchakato wa uandishi wa katiba mpya ya Tanzania unapaswa kuzingatia mambo makuu matatu. Jambo la Kwanza ni kuwa sio tu ushiriki wa vijana katika hili isipokuwa vijana wanapaswa kuwa na ushiriki wa kimkakati.

Jambo la pili ni kuwa ushiriki wa vijana katika mchakato huu unazingatia ukweli kuwa tangu kuundwa kwa Taifa hili la Tanzania, licha ya kuwa na katiba tano kwa vipindi tofauti lakini hatujawahi kuandika katiba mpya yenye kukusanya maoni na mahitaji toka kwa wananchi (vijana wakiwemo) hivyo huu ndio wakati muafaka wa kubadilisha historia ya Taifa hili.

Jambo la tatu ni kuwa,japokuwa jukumu la uandishi wa katiba mpya ni la makundi yote katika jamii na kwa upana wake linahusu vijana wa sasa lakini tusitegemee kuneemeka sana na Katiba hii isipokuwa tu kama uandishi wake utalenga zaidi kunufaisha vizazi vya sasa na vijavyo.

Mambo haya matatu kwa upana wake ndio muhimu sana katika kuelezea ulazima, uhalali na utayari wa uwepo wa ajenda ya vijana katika mchakato wa Katiba mpya.

Msingi wa ajenda ya vijana haupaswi kuangalia mahitaji ya sasa ya vijana tu bali uangalie mahitaji ya muda mrefu ya Taifa hili bila kusahau maboresho ya katiba ya sasa ambayo hayategemei sana na yasingesubiri uwepo wa Katiba mpya kwani kuna namna na taratibu ambazo zinauwezo wa kufatwa kufanya maboresho hayo.

Uhalali wa ushiriki wa vijana katika uandishi wa Katiba mpya haujengwi na dhana kwamba lazima vijana washiriki ati kwa kuwa wao ni wengi kwa idadi ukilinganisha na makundi mengine mfano wazee na watu wazima. La hasha!

Uhalali wa ushiriki wa vijana katika uandikwaji wa katiba mpya utajengwa na utayari wa vijana katika kuainisha na kuweka bayana mtazamo wao juu ya maendeleo endelevu.

Mkakati wa ushiriki wa vijana unapaswa kuweka bayana ajenda ya vijana kwa Tanzania ya sasa na ile ijayo. Tanzania ambayo inatamaniwa na kundi la vijana lakini sambamba na makundi mengine yote.

Lakini yote yatafaulu ikiwa vijana watafaulu kuzungumza lugha moja ya kimaendeleo katika kusaidia kufikia utambuzi wa mambo ya msingi ya kuwekwa katika Katiba mpya.

Mkakati wa ushiriki wa vijana unatakiwa kuzingatia mabadiliko chanya ya moja kwa moja bila  kutazamia faida za haraka haraka. Kwa mfano mabadiliko ya moja kwa moja ni yale yatakayoleta tumaini jipya katika fursa sawa ya utoaji wa elimu kwa kila mtanzania kisheria.

Katiba mpya itakuwa jibu pale ambapo Katiba hiyo itahakikisha elimu inatoa mwanga kwa watanzania kutoka katika giza nene la ujinga tofauti na ilivyo hivi sasa.  Elimu ambayo itatoa suluhu kwa zaidi ya vizazi vinne vijavyo vya watanzania tofauti na hali ilivyo hivi sasa.

Elimu sahihi kwa watoto wa Taifa hili na ile iliyo bora kwa upana wa neno hili na maana yake halisi kama ikishikiwa bango na vijana ni moja kati ya sehemu ya ajenda ambazo zitabadilisha historia ya Taifa hili. Na historia hii sharti ianze kubadilishwa sasa na sio wakati mwingine.

Ajenda sahihi ya vijana katika afya kwa mfano; ndio msingi wa mambo yote katika ustawi wa jamii inayojitambua vyema. Afya kwa ujumla wake inagusa sehemu nyeti za maisha ya kila siku ya wananchi mathalani, chakula na lishe bora, malazi na mavazi.

Mambo hayo matatu chakula bora, malazi na mavazi yakipatikana kwa wingi na ubora wake husaidia kujenga jamii yenye afya tele. Jamii ambayo itatumia sehemu kubwa ya muda wake katika uzalishaji wenye tija.

Maradhi ni sehemu ndogo ya afya isipokuwa inakuwa nyeti pale afya ya wananchi inapokuwa duni na watu walio wengi kushindwa kupata chakula mora, malazi bora na mavazi bora.Ukiachilia mbali ajenda ya Elimu bora na Afya bora yapo maeneo mengine nyeti kwa mustakabari wa Maisha ya vizazi vya sasa na vijavyo.

Asasi ya TYVA ikiwa moja ya asasi za kiraia za vijana hapa nchini ilipata kuratibu zoezi la  kuandaa Ajenda ya Vijana 2010 ikishirikiana na asasi nyingine za vijana. Juhudi hizi zilianza tangu mwaka 2004 pale TYVA iliposhiriki katika kukusanya maoni ya vijana ili yaingie katika MKUKUTA I mwaka ule wa 2005.

Juhudi hizi ni pamoja na ushiriki wa TYVA katika kutoa maoni ya mabadiliko ya 14 ya Katiba ya Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania (1977).

Ajenda ya Vijana 2010 iliyotolewa katika uchaguzi mkuu mwaka 2010 na kubainabainisha maeneo ya ajenda kumi yaliyofanyiwa tafiti ikilenga kuishawishi serikali kuzingatia ustawi wa vijana hapa nchini.

Ajenda ya Vijana 2010 inaweza ikawa ndio msingi imara wa kuibua hoja na maufaka wa nini ndio iwe ajenda ya vijana katika uandishi wa Katiba mpya.

Malengo kumi ya ajenda ya vijana 2010 ni pamoja na  madai ya vijana kutaka uanzishwaji wa baraza huru la Taifa la Vijana na utekelezwaji wa sera ya vijana.

Lengo la pili la madai ya vijana ni ongezeko la ajira kwa vijana na uboreshwaji wa mazingira ya kazi. Baadhi ya nchi kama Rwanda, Kenya na Uganda imetaja bayana mifumo ramsi ya taasisi za kuwaunganisha vijana kama baraza la vijana ambalo kwa muda mrefu limeombwa pasipo mafanikio.

Lengo la tatu ni kuidai serikali iboreshe utoaji wa elimu bora na kuwezesha mabadiliko ya mfumo wa elimu. Katika lengo nambari nne ajenda ni kudai ongezeko la ushiriki wa vijana katika vyombo vya maamuzi na michakato mbalimbali ya kitaifa na kimataifa.

Wakati lengo la tano ni kuidai serikali kuchochea maendeleo ya michezo na utamaduni wa Tanzania kuanzia ngazi ya wilaya. Lengo la sita ni kuitaka serikali iboreshe na kurahisisha upatikanaji wa huduma za afya kwa vijana. Lengo la saba ni kuitaka serikali Kujenga utawala bora na uwajibikaji.

Lengo la nane la ajenda linaitaka serikali itakayo hakikisha umasikini unapungua na kipato cha kila kaya kinapanda pia katika lengo la tisa  serikali itakayowekwa na wananchi  sharti iweze kuboresha ustawi wa vijana wenye ulemavu. Lengo la kumi  ni kuitaka serikali kuwa na sera ya kimataifa yenye ufanisi na kuhusisha jamii kwa upana wake.

Malengo haya yaliainishwa baada ya utafiti wa hali ya vijana nchini tangu mwaka 2004 mpaka 2010 yakizingatia mahitaji na matarajio ya vijana ndani ya kipindi cha miaka 5 na zaidi kupitia uwezeshaji wa serikali iliyochaguliwa mwaka 2010.

Naona huu ndio wakati muafaka wa kurejea na kutafakari yaliyomo katika ajenda hii ya vijana na kuamua kuwa na muafaka wa kitaifa kama vijana juu ya ajenda ya kuisimamima iwe ipi hasa katika Katiba mpya ya Tanzania. Mijadala inaweza kuendelea na tukapata suluhu ya ajenda yetu ndani ya Katiba mpya ya Tanzania.

Wakati ni sasa, ni muhimu sana kwa vijana kuweka tofauti zao pembeni mathalani tofauti za kiitikadi za kisiasa nk na kuungana pamoja kuhakikisha wanang’amua ajenda zao kama kundi na kuzisimamia ipasavyo katika mchakato unaoendelea kuelekea uandikaji wa katiba mpya nchini.

Frederick Fussi ni Katibu Mtendaji katika Shirika lisilo la kiserikali la TYVA. Baruapepe: frdmbimbi@yahoo.ca, Blogu: www.frederick-fussi.blogspot.com

The Project on Anti-Corruption Journalism for Healthcare to kick off in August 2011

The Anti-Corruption Journalism on Healthcare services in Dar es Salaam and Coast Region is a Community Action Project that addresses petty corruption in healthcare service provision. This project is managed by an experienced youth-led project leader, innovative and visionary changemaker Frederick Fussi with a group of other 6 vibrant youth volunteers. Frederick Fussi is also a member of GYAC based in Dar es Salaam Tanzania.

In order to have a corruption free community and in deed improving access to quality healthcare  services, the project intents to use its valuable resources through the concept/method of anti-corruption journalism to mobilize community members in the fighting against petty corruption in healthcare service provision. The project is supported by British Council-Global Change Maker (BC-GCM) and World Bank Institute (WBI).

The project will have three major activities each with several sub-activities. The first major activity is to train at least 20 young journalists on investigative journalism against corruption in health services delivery. Young journalists will be trained to conduct independent, non-offensive and professional investigative journalism on corruption in health sector. The basic emphasize will be put on health but not ignoring provision of social services such as education, water and electricity.

The second major activity is to establish the website to report specifically on investigative journalism against corruption in health sector. The website will be the gateway that addresses corruption in an online basis. The website will be a useful tool that provide factual situation on petty corruption in health sector for in rural and urban centers.

The third major activity is to launch the sms tool for citizen reporting on corruption issues through a website. The sms tool is based on the concept of U-report rapid sms. The tool will be used by the citizen to report on any corruption incidents as they attempt to get social services.

The results of this project are as such as increased corruption-free access to quality healthcare services as the effect of anti-corruption journalism on healthcare. The second result is increased trend of community online-reportedly issues, discussed and problem solving on petty corruption in healthcare service provision. The third result is to have increased access to information among youth, knowledge, and appropriate skills in the fight against petty corruption for improvements of healthcare services in rural and urban centers at large.

The population in urban centers such as Dar es Salaam and Coast Region is made up of more than 50 per cent of youth whose age category varies from 18-35 years. Thus youth makes a composition of large percentage of beneficiaries of healthcare services. The trend of petty corruption in accessing healthcare services makes youth vulnerable. To do away from this risk the project intents to reach directly more than 200 youth and 1000 Health services clients while reaching more than 1.5 million people through the use of internet

Sponsored by:

My Response to the article on SITTING ALLOWANCES WELL PAID AUDIENCES

My contribution in this article is based on several philosophies one which originates from the sacred book of Christianity the Holy bible. The book stipulates in one its scriptures that “though shall not labour in vain.”
  

For all those who are hard workers in their working places could not be distinguished with their workmates who are non hard workers by using the same payroll at the end of the month. For good HR managers could add some incentives to those hard workers, and the non hard workers having realized their counterparts gained some incentive it would be a pinch on them but in deed a lesson learnt to increase efforts for delivering desired outputs of the employer.

The doctrine of “though shall not labour in vain” requires that all people who works should get in turn to what they have invested during their  eight (8) hours in work. It would rather be a question to an incentive whether it should be issued with an indicator parallel to the quantifiable and quality deliverables outputs of the work done.

The increasingly trend of “business as usual” in NGOs and Government departments and ministries over the sitting allowances is a result of two great phenomena which requires a special attention to all the questions raised by Graff in his article.  The two phenomena include income poverty of NGO workers, government officials and whosoever interested to the sitting allowance without exerting his abilities and potential to the outputs of the work done in the workshop. Many allowance seekers lives hard and poor life a factor which is known but not given attention by allowance givers. A person who does not have hunger for food, failure to pay her electricity bills, unclean water, discontent health services, failure to pay school fees for his kids, lives a poor house in one of the suburbs in Dar es Salaam can not be tempted to run for the sitting allowance. If you are lucky to trace the lives of all allowance seekers/receivers you will find out miserable untold stories of their really situation.

The second phenomenon is the habit of those whose monthly income does not bother their living standards. They live in good housing, clean water, take her kinds to study abroad, can afford a lavish spending in an excellent famous hospital in town which a lowly income earner can not afford and will end up dying in a queue at Mwananyamala hospital. These kinds of people have just developed a culture of demanding a sitting allowance. A good example of these people are those who when enter into their first sitting in parliament  (2005) demands a debate for the increase of their salaries up to 12 million at which a poor teacher in Mbozi municipal districts only receive 120,000 take home.

As I can put my insights on some of Graff quotes such as “In order to create good participation “attendance allowances" were introduced with the aim of enticing officials’ local project staff and even beneficiaries to meetings and workshops”. I’m of an opinion that the intention was to create a good participation and the approach became to introduce the attendance allowance, which logically it’s a right approach but ended up yielding a different output and yet resulted to other problem. The earlier thinker of the problem and the approach to solve it contributed a lot to save the income poverty people without even thinking a combined approach that would necessitate the merging of two problems, the unforeseen problem (income poverty people) and the genuine problem of the project.

Let me wind up with few remarks, there is a great need of reviewing our “problem solving thinking” in our projects. The common approach of meetings and workshops which involves allowances has enormously increased the level of our poverty in terms of thoughts. We may be addressing problems which do not exist in many of our projects in NGOs and the Government as well.  Take an example of these two issues here in the NGO sector and Government, “Tanzanian NGO workers in a popular sector (HIV, gender, microfinance, etc.) can easily double or triple their salary just by attending these meetings and” In the financial year 2008/2009 there was an allocation of a shocking 59% of the total payroll to benefits (nearly 380 million U.S. dollars) and a large part of this was spent on travel and daily allowances. These two examples demonstrate the really situation of income poverty among different categories of income earners in the country. Sarcastically the two quotes have been encrypted. If I would be asked to unearth the quotes I would come up with only one sentence, i.e majority of allowance seekers in workshops and seminars are simply income poverty people, something more than the funding of the projects should be done.

I submit

Frederick Fussi

Dar es Salaam

Ukosefu wa pato, ukimya wa Vijana?

Hali ya ukosefu wa fursa za ajira nchini Tanzania inazidi kukua siku hata siku. Hali ambayo inawakumba zaidi vijana ambao wanahodhi asilimia kubwa ya tegemeo katika nguvukazi ya Taifa kwa zaidi ya asilimia 65.

Vijana hawa ambao wanapita katika mifumo ya kuwajenga kitaaluma na fani bado wanakuwa wahanga wakubwa wa kadhia hii ya ukosefu wa fursa za kuajiriwa wala kujiajiri. Hali ambayo ni tete kwani si tu kurudhisha nyuma jitihada za vijana hawa kujiletea maendeleo yao binafsi bali pia kwa kiasi kikubwa inalirudisha nyuma Taifa zima.

Takwimu za ukosefu wa ajira za vijana za asilimia takribani 11 tofauti hata na matarajio ya MKUKUTA ambao ulipanga kushusha ukosefu wa ajira mpaka asilimia 6.9 mnamo mwaka jana, 2010. Licha ya takwimu hizo, bado hazitoi picha ya kutosha ya uhalisia wa hali tete ya ukosefu wa ajira na fursa za uzalishaji pato kwani hali ya sasa na ongezeko la wahitimu toka vyuo vya ufundi na vya elimu ya juu imeongezeka maradufu katika miaka ya hivi karibuni.

Lakini utete unaweza kudhihirika pia kwa mujibu wa takwimu za utafiti wa nguvukazi na ajira (ILFS) unaodhihirisha ongezeko la watu takribani 760,000 katika soko la ajira kwa kila mwaka ambapo kati yao ni 40,000 tu ndiyo wanapata ajira kila mwaka ikiacha zaidi ya watu 740,000 bila ajira. Naamini utafiti wa hali ya nguvukazi na ajira (ILFS) ukifanywa mwaka huu ama ujao utatoa majibu yenye kuonyesha hali kuwa mbaya zaidi tofauti na takwimu hizo zilizopatikana mnamo mwaka 2001.

Ni kweli nchi nyingi duniani zinakumbwa na kadhia hii ya ukosefu wa ajira. Lakini kila nchi inavyolishughulikia tatizo hili ndipo utofauti na upekee huonekana. Mathalani vijana wa nchi za Misri, Tunisia hivi karibuni walivyolichukulia tatizo la ukosefu wa ajira na kukithiri kwa hali ngumu katika maisha yao inatoa upekee kwani vijana hao wameweza kumudu kuondosha utawala ambao haukuwa ukionyesha jitihada za kutosha kivitendo kulishughulikia tatizo hilo.

Nchi za ulaya mathalani Ujerumani, zimekuwa pia na tatizo hili lakini jitihada zao za kuhakikisha mafunzo ya kujiajiri na kuweka mifumo ya kitaasisi na kiuwezeshaji kwa vijana hawa inatoa tumaini na upekee wa jinsi nchi inavyojitahidi katika kupambana na hali ngumu ya vijana wanaokosa ajira ama fursa za kujiajiri.

Uwepo wa pensheni kwa wasio na ajira zinazotolewa katika nchi hizo nyingi za ulaya unasaidia kupunguza makali ya maisha kwa vijana wasio na ajira ama pato katika kipindi chao cha mpito mpaka watakapo pata fursa za kushiriki katika uzalishaji mali iwe kwa kuajiriwa ama kujiajiri.

Ukimya wa vijana wa kitanzania haimaanishi wao hawaguswi na utete wa ukosefu wa ajira, lah hasha!

Wala ukimya huu wa vijana nchini Tanzania haimaanishi hawatafakari namna ya wao kujikwamua kutoka katika hali ya ukosefu wa fursa za kuzalisha pato lao. Ukimya huu haumaanishi vijana  hawatathmini jitihada za serikali pamoja na wadau katika kusaidia kupunguza makali ya tatizo hili.

Hakika vijana wanaona na wanafikiri. Vijana hawa ambao wengi ni wasomi toka vyuo vya ufundi na elimu ya juu wanauwezo wa kuchambua baina ya kauli tupu zidi ya utendaji wa kauli hizo.

Ikumbukwe si vijana tu katika kuliangalia na kuguswa na athari za ukosefu wa ajira na fursa za uzalishaji wa pato, bali jamii nzima inayowazunguka vijana hawa mathalani wazazi wa vijana ambao wamegharamika katika kuwalea na kuwasomesha vijana hawa wanaumia kila uchao wanapo shuhudia juhudi zao zinagota kwa vijana kukaa majumbani miaka kwa miaka wakisaka ajira ama fursa za kujiajiri.

Najua wapo baadhi ya viongozi au wananchi wanaweza kukimbilia kutoa majibu mepesi katika kadhia hii tete kuwa ni ukosefu wa ari kwa vijana katika kujituma na kujiajiri. Si rahisi kama utamkaji wa matamshi hayo!Kwani hakika hata kwa wenye utashi wa kujiajiri ama hata wale wenye utashi wa kufanya kazi kwa kujitolea wanakubwa na changamoto nyingi sana zinazowakwamisha. (changamoto hizi ni nyingi nitazichambua katika makala zijazo)

Naamini endapo kuna utashi madhubuti wa kulishughulikia tatizo la ukosefu wa ajira na uzalishaji pato kwa vijana njia na mbinu zipo nyingi. Njia na mbinu hizi hazikomei kwa mafunzo ya ujasiliamali kama wengi hukimbilia ama mabadiliko ya kimitaala ya elimu tu bali zapaswa ziende zaidi, mathalani uboreshwaji wa sekta kama sekta za kilimo, utalii, viwanda na biashara ambazo kwa kiasi kikubwa zitazaa matunda ya kupokea vijana wengi zaidi na kusaidia wao kuweza kuzalisha pato lao na kwa Taifa kila uchao.

Ni rahisi sana, unaweza jionea kwa uendeshwaji goi goi wa sekta ya miundo mbinu hususan shirika la ndege la Taifa(ATCL) au shirika la reli (TRL) lilivyo na athari hasi kwa ajira nchini. Endapo mashirika haya mawili yangeweza kuhakikishwa yanaendeshwa kwa ufanisi na weledi wa hali ya juu yangeweza kuchochea ongezeko kubwa la ajira nchini na kusaidia ukuaji wa pato la mtu mmoja mmoja hususan kwa vijana wetu ambao wanahitimu toka katika vyuo kadha wa kadha nchini na hata wengine toka nje ya nchi.

Ndiyo mantiki ya Hayati Mwl. Nyerere enzi za uongozi wake katika awamu ya kwanza, licha ya jitihada nyingi za kuhakikisha huduma za kijamii mathalani upatikanaji wa elimu kwa ngazi zote tangu awali hadi ile ya watu wazima. Alihakikisha anaimarisha sekta za kilimo na viwanda pasi kusahau miundo mbinu kwa kuimarisha sekta hizi na nyingine kivitendo na si kuishia sera na mipango mitamu mitamu pasi utekelezaji madhubuti.

Naamini endapo kweli tukiwa tunatambua nguvu, tathmani na mchango wa vijana mathalani uliotolewa katika kipindi cha chaguzi zetu nchini kama uchaguzi mkuu uliopita wa mwaka jana, 2010. Basi viongozi na watumishi wa umma walio madarakani hawana budi kukosa usingizi ama starehe kwa kuhakikisha utatuzi wa kudumu wa ukosefu wa ajira na fursa pana za kujiajiri kwa vijana unafikiwa.

Baruapepe: michaeldalali@yahoo.com

© Michael Dalali, 2011